Effects of Fuel and Diesel Particulate Filter on Exhaust Gases Emissions using Ricardo WAVE

Abstract

Up to one-third of the light mobility vehicles and a considerable amount of heavy mobility vehicles such as trucks utilize engines powered by diesel fuel. Historically and presently, diesel fuel emits more pollutants on combustion than its counterpart, petrol, hence the new emission norms introduced by the governing body hopes to reduce the pollutants generated by these vehicles. The most notable addition to the newly adopted BS6 emissions norms is the addition of a Diesel Particulate Filter to the exhaust system of diesel engine vehicles which aims to cut down on harmful emissions such as NOx, CO and unburnt HC. An unconventional method to reduce emissions is to use biofuel and biodiesel as an alternative to conventional diesel to reduce harmful emissions. This present work will analyse and compare the effect of a DPF and biofuel on exhaust gas emissions. The Kirloskar TV-1 engine model was used for the analysis was produced on Ricardo WAVE and the engine model was validated with experimentally measured data for the same engine in [13]. The addition of a DPF reduced CO, HC and NOx emissions by an average of 10.2%, 14.8% and 63.4% respectively compared to emissions with the use of an unfiltered exhaust. The simulation results showed that an increase in biofuel concentration by 5% in the biodiesel (B5 to B20), reduced the CO by 4.2%, and increased NOx emissions by 3.2% while having identical brake thermal efficiency under ideal combustion conditions. The decrease in HC emissions was minuscule which change in biofuel concentration.

Keywords: Fuel, Diesel Particulate Filter, Exhaust Gases, Emissions, Ricardo WAVE, Engine Model, Filter Duct